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BIBLICAL TITHING

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BIBLICAL TITHING

Its Old Testament Nature, Limitations, and Misapplication in the New Testament Church


 

I. INTRODUCTION: DEFINING THE ISSUE WITH PRECISION

The subject of tithing is one of the most widely taught, yet most misunderstood doctrines in modern religious practice. Many assume that tithing is a timeless, universal command binding upon all believers across all ages. However, when examined strictly through Scripture—allowing the Bible to interpret itself—this assumption does not hold under doctrinal scrutiny.

The question is not whether tithing existed. It clearly did. The question is: What is tithing according to Scripture, and to whom does it apply? To answer this, we must begin not with modern practice, but with divine definition.

 

II. THE BIBLICAL DEFINITION OF TITHING (GRAMMAR OF GOD)

A. The Hebrew Term: Ma‘ăśēr (מַעֲשֵׂר)

The word “tithe” in the Old Testament comes from the Hebrew term ma‘ăśēr, from the root ‘āśar, meaning “to take a tenth.” Its literal meaning is “a tenth part.” This is not symbolic. It is mathematically precise—exactly 10 percent. However, the critical issue is not merely the percentage, but the nature of what was tithed.

B. Primary Text

Leviticus 27:30 (KJV) — “And all the tithe of the land, whether of the seed of the land, or of the fruit of the tree, is the LORD'S: it is holy unto the LORD.”

Observe carefully: “tithe of the land,” “seed of the land,” and “fruit of the tree.” The text does not say income, salary, gold, silver, or trade profit. It explicitly limits the tithe to agricultural produce. This is not incidental—it is definitional.

C. Expanded Definition

Leviticus 27:32 (KJV) — “And concerning the tithe of the herd, or of the flock, even of whatsoever passeth under the rod, the tenth shall be holy unto the LORD.”

Here we see livestock included, yet the tithe remains non-monetary and land-based in character.

Doctrinal Summary (Definition of Tithing)

  • Tithe = exactly one-tenth.
  • Object of tithe = agricultural produce and livestock.
  • Source = the land.
  • Nature = material goods, not currency.

Key Reinforcement Points

  • Tithing is not defined as money anywhere in Scripture.
  • It is tied to land, agriculture, and livestock cycles.
  • It is covenantal, not universal.

 

III. THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT: ISRAEL UNDER THE MOSAIC COVENANT

A. The Covenant Context

Exodus 19:5–6 (KJV) — “Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people…”

This establishes that the Law, including tithing, was given specifically to Israel. It is covenant-specific and nation-specific.

B. The Levitical System

Numbers 18:21 (KJV) — “And, behold, I have given the children of Levi all the tenth in Israel for an inheritance…”

The tithe was not general charity and not optional giving. It was a system of provision for the Levites, who had no land inheritance and were supported by the tithe because of their service.

C. The Economic Structure

Israel was agrarian, land-distributed, and temple-centered. Thus, tithing functioned as a national economic support system and a religious obligation tied to temple service.

Key Structural Observations

  • No modern equivalent exists: no Levitical tribe, no temple system, no land allotment structure.
  • Therefore, the system that required tithing no longer exists.

 

IV. THE MULTIPLE TITHES OF ISRAEL (NOT JUST ONE)

A major misconception is that Israel gave only one 10 percent tithe. Scripture shows otherwise.

  • The Levitical Tithe (Numbers 18): given to Levites for priestly support.
  • The Festival Tithe (Deuteronomy 14:22–27): used in worship celebration and eaten by the giver before the Lord.
  • The Poor Tithe (Deuteronomy 14:28–29): every third year for Levites, strangers, fatherless, and widows.

The combined reality is that Israel did not give merely 10 percent. The system was multi-layered and covenant-bound.

 

V. CLARIFICATION: MONEY AND TITHING (DEEPER EXPLANATION)

A. THE TEXT IN FULL CONTEXT

Deuteronomy 14:24–26 (KJV)

“And if the way be too long for thee… Then shalt thou turn it into money… And thou shalt bestow that money for whatsoever thy soul lusteth after, for oxen, or for sheep, or for wine…

And thou shalt eat there before the LORD thy God…”

B. WHY MONEY WAS USED — CONTEXT IS KING

The situation described is very specific:

  • The Israelite is:
    • living far from the central place of worship (Jerusalem)
  • The tithe consists of:
    • produce and livestock
  • Problem:
    • transporting animals or crops over long distance is difficult

So God allowed:

conversion of the tithe into money for travel convenience

C. KEY OBSERVATION: MONEY IS NOT THE FINAL FORM

Look at the sequence carefully:

  1. Tithe starts as:
    • produce / livestock
  2. Converted into:
    • money (for travel)
  3. Then reconverted into:
    • food and drink again

The final act:

“thou shalt… buy… oxen, sheep… and eat there before the LORD”

DOCTRINAL POINT

The tithe:

  • begins as food
  • ends as food

Money only appears in the middle, temporarily.

D. PROOF: THE TITHE IS STILL FOOD, NOT MONEY

Compare with the original command:

Deuteronomy 14:22–23 (KJV)

“Thou shalt truly tithe all the increase of thy seed… And thou shalt eat before the LORD… the tithe of thy corn, of thy wine, and of thine oil…”

Interpretation

  • The tithe is explicitly:
    • corn (grain)
    • wine
    • oil
  • Even when converted to money:
    • it must return to its original nature (food)

E. WHY “MONEY IS A TEMPORARY MEDIUM”

Now we can justify the statement clearly:

“Money served only as a temporary medium, not the tithe itself.”

Scriptural Basis:

  • Deut. 14:24 → conversion into money
  • Deut. 14:26 → money used to buy food
  • Deut. 14:23 → final act is eating the tithe

Logical Flow (Necessary Inference — CENI)

If:

  • the tithe must be eaten (v.23, v.26)
  • and money is used only to purchase food

Then:

Money cannot be the tithe itself

It is only a transport mechanism

F. WHY “MONEY IS INCIDENTAL, NOT ESSENTIAL”

Now let’s go deeper.

1. ORIGINAL COMMAND NEVER INVOLVES MONEY

Leviticus 27:30 (KJV)

“the tithe of the land… seed… fruit…”

Leviticus 27:32 (KJV)

“tithe of the herd… flock…”

No mention of money

Entire system is:

  • agricultural
  • land-based

2. MONEY APPEARS ONLY IN SPECIAL CASE

Deuteronomy 14:24

“If the way be too long…”

Meaning:

  • money is used only when:
    • distance creates difficulty

3. EVEN WHEN USED, MONEY IS NOT RETAINED

Deuteronomy 14:26

“bestow that money… for oxen… sheep…”

Money must be:

  • spent
  • converted back into food

DOCTRINAL CONCLUSION

Money is not part of the tithe system by design—it only appears due to circumstance.

G. EXAMPLE FOR CLARITY (VERY IMPORTANT FOR READERS)

Let’s illustrate this in simple terms:

Example Scenario

An Israelite farmer has:

  • 10 sacks of grain (tithe = 1 sack)

But:

  • Jerusalem is far

So he:

  1. Sells the 1 sack → gets money
  2. Travels to Jerusalem
  3. Buys:
    • grain / animals
  4. Eats it before the Lord

Key Insight

  • The tithe is still:

the grain (or food equivalent)

  • The money:

was never the offering itself

H. WHY MODERN “MONETARY TITHING” IS UNSCRIPTURAL

Now this becomes very clear.

Modern teaching says:

“Give 10% of your income (money).”

But Scripture shows:

  • Money was:
    • never commanded as tithe
    • never retained as tithe
    • never the final form of tithe

Supporting Contrast

Nehemiah 10:37 (KJV)

“bring the firstfruits of our dough… and our offerings… and the fruit of all manner of trees…”

Again:

  • produce
  • not money

I. FINAL DOCTRINAL CLARITY

Expanded Key Doctrinal Conclusion

  • The Bible never commands monetary tithing.
  • In Deuteronomy 14:
    • money is used only due to travel necessity
    • it is immediately converted back into food
  • Therefore:
    • money is temporary, not the substance of the tithe
  • The tithe remains:
    • agricultural
    • consumable
    • land-based

 

VI. FOUNDATIONAL CONCLUSION

At this stage, we have established what tithing is, who it was given to, how it was practiced, and why it existed. A critical truth emerges: Biblical tithing is a covenantal agricultural system given exclusively to Israel under the Mosaic Law.

Summary —

  • Tithe (ma‘ăśēr) = exact tenth.
  • Always agricultural, land-based, and non-monetary.
  • Given to the Levites within the priestly system.
  • Part of the Mosaic Covenant for Israel only.
  • Included multiple tithes, not just one 10 percent payment.
  • Money was never the actual tithe, only a temporary conversion tool.

 

VII. ABRAHAM’S TITHE (GENESIS 14): IS IT A UNIVERSAL PATTERN?

One of the most frequently cited arguments in favor of modern tithing is this claim: “Tithing existed before the Law—therefore it is eternal and binding.” This argument rests primarily on Genesis 14:18–20, where Abraham gives a tenth to Melchizedek. Yet this text must be read in context.

Genesis 14:20 (KJV) — “…And he gave him tithes of all.”

The immediate context reveals that Abraham had just defeated invading kings, recovered captives, and taken spoils of war. Thus, the tithe came from plunder, not personal income, and it was a one-time event rather than a recurring command.

Hebrews 7:4 (KJV) — “…how great this man was, unto whom even the patriarch Abraham gave the tenth of the spoils.”

This is decisive. The tithe was of the spoils, not salary, agricultural produce, or recurring income. Nowhere in Scripture do we find God commanding Abraham to tithe, Abraham repeating the act, or any instruction for others to follow this example.

Doctrinal Conclusion on Abraham

  • Abraham’s tithe was descriptive, not prescriptive.
  • It establishes honor toward Melchizedek, not universal law.
  • It was one-time, from spoils of war, and never commanded for repetition.

 

VIII. HEBREWS 7: DOES IT SUPPORT MODERN TITHING?

Many appeal to Hebrews 7 to argue that tithing continues in the New Testament. However, this is a misreading of the passage. The chapter is not about teaching Christians to tithe. It is about proving the superiority of Christ’s priesthood over the Levitical priesthood.

Hebrews 7:12 (KJV) — “For the priesthood being changed, there is made of necessity a change also of the law.”

This is foundational. If tithing belonged to the Levitical system, and the priesthood has changed, then the tithing system tied to that priesthood cannot remain. Hebrews 7 describes Abraham’s action and compares priesthoods, but it does not command Christians to tithe or establish a New Covenant tithe system.

Hebrews 7:8 (KJV) — “And here men that die receive tithes; but there he receiveth them…”

This is not a command. It is part of an argument about priesthood.

Doctrinal Summary — Hebrews 7

  • The chapter addresses change of priesthood and change of law.
  • It does not reinstate tithing.
  • It actually implies the end of the system that required tithing.

 

IX. THE MISUSE OF MALACHI 3:8–10

Malachi 3:8 (KJV) — “Will a man rob God? Yet ye have robbed me. But ye say, Wherein have we robbed thee? In tithes and offerings.”

Malachi is addressing Israel under the Mosaic Law, specifically priests and covenant people failing their obligations. The “storehouse” in Malachi 3:10 refers to temple storage chambers used for food supply and Levitical provision. It is not a bank account or a treasury of the church.

Malachi 3:10 (KJV) — “Bring ye all the tithes into the storehouse…”

Modern teaching often says, “If you don’t tithe, you are robbing God.” This is doctrinally erroneous because the command was given to Israel under the Law, whereas Christians are not under that covenant.

Doctrinal Conclusion on Malachi

  • Malachi 3 is not addressed to the church.
  • It is not a universal command to Christians.
  • “Robbing God” and the “storehouse” are misused when applied to present church tithing systems.

 

X. THE END OF THE OLD COVENANT (HEBREWS 8)

Hebrews 8:6 (KJV) — “…he is the mediator of a better covenant…”

Hebrews 8:13 (KJV) — “In that he saith, A new covenant, he hath made the first old. Now that which decayeth and waxeth old is ready to vanish away.”

This is explicit. The Old Covenant, which includes tithing, has been made obsolete and replaced by the New Covenant. If tithing belongs to the Old Covenant and the Old Covenant is replaced, then tithing as a covenantal requirement is no longer binding.

Colossians 2:14 (KJV) — “Blotting out the handwriting of ordinances… nailing it to his cross.”

Covenant Transition Summary

  • The Old Covenant includes tithing and has been removed.
  • The New Covenant does not command tithing.
  • You cannot remove the covenant and keep its laws as binding obligations.

 

XI. TURNING POINT CONCLUSION

The biblical evidence is overwhelming: Abraham’s tithe was not a universal command, Hebrews 7 shows a change of law, Malachi 3 is misapplied to Christians, and Hebrews 8 declares the Old Covenant obsolete. Therefore, there is no biblical authority for binding tithing on the New Testament church.

 

XII. NEW TESTAMENT GIVING: THE TRUE PATTERN OF THE CHURCH

Having established that tithing belongs to the Old Covenant, we now turn to the New Testament to determine what God actually requires of believers today.

Acts 4:32–35 (KJV) — “…neither said any of them that ought of the things which he possessed was his own… distribution was made unto every man according as he had need.”

Observe the nature of giving: it was voluntary, situational, and need-based. It was not percentage-based, legally enforced, or systematized as a fixed obligation. No apostle ever said, “Give 10 percent.” Instead, the focus is generosity, unity, and willingness.

2 Corinthians 9:6–7 (KJV) — “Every man according as he purposeth in his heart, so let him give; not grudgingly, or of necessity: for God loveth a cheerful giver.”

The phrase “purposeth in his heart” points to deliberate, pre-decided intention. The phrase “not of necessity” excludes compulsion, obligation, or external pressure. Christian giving is therefore voluntary, intentional, and free from coercion. This directly contradicts mandatory percentages and enforced tithing systems.

Key Reinforcement Points

  • No New Testament command requires Christians to tithe.
  • No fixed percentage is imposed on believers.
  • Giving is personal, spiritual, and voluntary.

 

XIII. DIRECT CONTRAST: TITHING VS. NEW COVENANT GIVING

 

Category

Old Testament Tithing

New Testament Giving

Basis

Law (Mosaic Covenant)

Grace (New Covenant)

Nature

Mandatory

Voluntary

Amount

Fixed (10%+)

No fixed percentage

System

Institutional (Levites)

Personal/Relational

Object

Produce/Livestock from within the land of Israel

Any form, not restricted

Motivation

Obligation

Willingness

 

Tithing and New Testament giving are not the same system. To equate them is to confuse covenants, distort doctrine, and impose law where grace governs.

XIV. REFUTATION OF COMMON MODERN CLAIMS

Claim 1: “Tithing is Eternal”

Tithing is tied to the Levitical priesthood and the Mosaic Law. Hebrews 7:12 teaches that when the priesthood changes, the law changes as well. What belongs to a changed law is not eternal in obligation.

Claim 2: “It Started Before the Law, So It Continues”

Abraham’s tithe was one-time, from spoils of war, and never commanded. Description does not equal prescription.

Claim 3: “Malachi Applies Today”

Malachi addresses Israel under the Law. Christians are under grace, not under that covenantal arrangement. Applying Malachi to the church is contextual and covenantal error.

Claim 4: “You Are Robbing God If You Don’t Tithe”

That language applies to covenant-breaking Israel. No New Testament passage uses it toward Christians. This teaching imposes guilt without scriptural authority.

Claim 5: “The Church Needs Tithing to Function”

The early church functioned without a tithing law. Support came through freewill giving. God’s work is sustained by willing hearts, not legal systems.

 

XV. MODERN TITHING AS DOCTRINAL ERROR

When modern systems enforce tithing, they reintroduce Old Covenant law, replace grace with legalism, misuse Scripture for financial obligation, and distort the nature of giving from cheerful willingness into compulsory pressure.

Key Reinforcement Points

  • Modern tithing doctrine lacks New Testament authority.
  • It depends on misapplied Old Testament texts.
  • It is therefore doctrinally unsound.

 

XVI. FINAL SYNTHESIS: THE IRREFUTABLE CONCLUSION

  • Tithing was agricultural, land-based, and Israel-specific.
  • It belonged to the Mosaic Law, Levitical priesthood, and temple system.
  • It terminated with the change of priesthood and the replacement of the Old Covenant.
  • New Covenant practice is voluntary giving, cheerful generosity, and need-based sharing—not a fixed percentage.

Biblical tithing is not a command for the New Testament church.

It was a covenantal requirement for Israel, tied to a system that no longer exists. To bind it today is to impose an obsolete law, misinterpret Scripture, and undermine the freedom of grace.

Final Bullet Summary

  • Tithing belongs to the Old Covenant only.
  • It was agricultural, not monetary.
  • It is not commanded in the New Testament.
  • Abraham is not a binding pattern.
  • Malachi is not a command for Christians.
  • Hebrews shows the end of the system.
  • New Testament giving is voluntary, cheerful, and personal.

 

XVII. SPIRITUAL APPLICATION

The issue is not whether believers should give. They must. But the question is how. True Christian giving is willing, cheerful, and purposeful—not pressured, legal, or fear-driven.

God does not seek a percentage—He seeks the heart.


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ANG BIBLIKAL NA IKAPU (Tithing)

Ang Kalikasan Nito sa Lumang Tipan at ang Tamang Pag-unawa


 

I. PANIMULA: ANO BA TALAGA ANG IKAPU?

Mga kapatid, marami ngayon ang nagtuturo na ang “ikapu” ay utos ng Dios para sa lahat ng panahon—na parang obligasyon din ito ng bawat Cristiano sa ngayon. Pero ang tanong ay hindi kung may utos bang  ikapu ba sa Biblia, dahil meron nga. Ang tamang tanong ay: Ano ang ikapu ayon sa Biblia, at para kanino ibinigay ang utos? Hindi natin puwedeng i-base sa nakasanayan o sa turo ng tao. Dapat malinaw: ang Biblia lang ang magpapaliwanag ng Biblia.

 

II. ANG KAHULUGAN NG IKAPU (GRAMMAR OF GOD)

A. Ang Salitang Hebreo: Ma‘ăśēr

Ang salitang “ikapu” sa Lumang Tipan ay galing sa Hebreo na ma‘ăśēr, na ang ibig sabihin ay ika-sampung bahagi. Hindi ito simbolo. Hindi ito “kahit magkano.” Ito ay eksaktong 10 porsiyento. Pero dito nagkakamali ang marami—akala nila ang usapan ay percentage lang. Hindi po. Mas mahalaga ang tanong: Saan o Ano ang pagkukunan ng ikapu o yung ikinapu?

B. Pangunahing Talata

Levitico 27:30) — “At lahat na ikasangpung bahagi ng lupain, maging sa binhi ng lupain, o sa bunga ng punong kahoy ay sa Panginoon: magiging banal sa Panginoon.”

Pansinin ninyo mabuti:lahat na ikasangpung bahagi ng lupain,” “maging sa binhi ng lupain,” at “sa bunga ng punong kahoy.” Hindi sinabi na sahod, pera, kita sa negosyo, o ginto at pilak. Maliwanag: ang ikapu ay galing sa ani ng lupa.

C. Dagdag na Linaw

Levitico 27:32 — “At lahat ng ikasangpung bahagi sa bakahan o sa kawan, anomang madaan sa tungkod, ay magiging banal sa Panginoon ang ikasangpung bahagi.”

Ibig sabihin, kasama ang mga hayop, pero hindi pa rin pera.

Buod ng Kahulugan ng Ikapu

  • Ikapu = eksaktong 10 porsiyento.
  • Ang ikinapu ay ani ng lupa, bunga, at hayop.
  • Hindi kasama ang sahod, pera, at kita sa negosyo.

Mahahalagang Punto

  • Walang talata sa Biblia na nagsasabing pera ang ikapu.
  • Laging konektado ang ikapu sa lupa, agrikultura, at ani.
  • Bahagi ito ng isang sistema, hindi general na utos sa lahat.

 

III. ANG KONTEKSTO: ISRAEL SA ILALIM NG KAUTUSAN

A. Ang Tipan sa Israel

Exodo 19:5–6 — “Kaya't ngayon, kung tunay na inyong susundin ang aking tinig, at iingatan ang aking tipan, ay magiging isang tanging kayamanan nga kayo sa akin, na higit sa lahat ng bayan: ...At kayo'y magiging isang kaharian ng mga saserdote sa akin,...”

Ibig sabihin, ang Kautusan, kasama ang ikapu, ay ibinigay sa Israel. Hindi ito universal law para sa lahat ng bansa.

B. Ang Sistemang Levita

Mga Bilang 18:21 — “At sa mga anak ni Levi, ay narito, aking ibinigay ang lahat ng ikasangpung bahagi sa Israel na pinakamana,...”

Ang ikapu ay hindi basta donasyon at hindi kusang-loob na tulong. Ito ay sistemang pang-suporta sa mga Levita, dahil wala silang sariling lupa at naka-assign sila sa gawain ng templo.

C. Ang Ekonomiya ng Israel

Noon, ang Israel ay agrikultural, naka-base sa lupa, at sentro ang templo. Kaya ang ikapu ay pagkain, ani, at hayop—hindi pera.

Mahahalagang Punto

  • Wala nang ganitong sistema ngayon: wala nang Levita, wala nang templo, wala nang paghahati ng lupa.
  • Kaya kung wala na ang sistema, hindi na puwedeng basta ipilit ang dating utos.

 

IV. HINDI LANG ISANG IKAPU (MULTIPLE TITHES)

Isa pang maling akala ay ito: “10% lang ang ibinibigay ng Israel.” Hindi po totoo ito, narito at mayroon pa.

  • Ikapu para sa mga Levita (Mga Bilang 18): para sa kanilang kabuhayan.
  • Ikapu para sa Kapistahan (Deuteronomio 14:22–27): kinakain mismo ng nagbibigay sa harap ng Panginoon.
  • Ikapu para sa Mahihirap (Deuteronomio 14:28–29): tuwing ikatlong taon para sa Levita, dayuhan, ulila, at babaing balo.

Kaya sa kabuuan, hindi lang 10 porsiyento ang ibinibigay. Bahagi ito ng buong sistemang tipanan ng Israel.

 

V. PAGLILINAW: PERA AT IKAPU (MAS MALALIM NA PALIWANAG)

A. ANG TALATA SA BUONG KONTEKSTO

Deuteronomio 14:24–26

At kung ang daan ay totoong mahaba sa ganang iyo, na ano pa't hindi mo madadala, sapagka't totoong malayo sa iyo ang dako,… Ay iyo ngang sasalapiin,…

At iyong gugulin ang salapi sa anomang nasain mo sa mga baka, o sa mga tupa, o sa alak, o sa matapang na inumin, o sa anomang nasain ng iyong kaluluwa:… at iyong kakanin doon sa harap ng Panginoon mong Dios,”

B. BAKIT GINAMIT ANG PERA — KONTEKSTO ANG SUSI

Ang sitwasyon dito ay malinaw:

  • Ang Israelita ay:
    • malayo sa lugar ng pagsamba
  • Ang kaniyang ikapu ay:
    • ani at hayop
  • Ang problema:
    • mahirap dalhin ang mga ito sa malayong lugar

Kaya pinayagan ng Dios:

pansamantalang gawing pera ang ikapu para sa paglalakbay

C. MAHALAGANG OBSERVATION: HINDI PERA ANG HULING ANYO

Pansinin ninyo ang pagkakasunod:

  1. Ang ikapu ay:
    • ani / hayop
  2. Ginawang:
    • pera (para sa paglalakbay)
  3. Pagdating doon:
    • ginamit ang pera para bumili ng pagkain

At ang utos:

“ikaw ay kakain doon sa harap ng Panginoon…”

DOCTRINAL POINT

Ang ikapu:

  • nagsimula bilang pagkain
  • nagtatapos bilang pagkain

Ang pera ay nasa gitna lamang—pansamantala.

D. PATUNAY: PAGKAIN PA RIN ANG IKAPU, HINDI PERA

Balikan natin ang utos:

Deuteronomio 14:22–23 (ADB 1905)

Iyo ngang pagsasangpuing bahagi ang lahat na bunga ng iyong binhi na nanggagaling taontaon sa iyong bukid

At iyong kakanin sa harap ng Panginoon mong Dios,… ang ikasangpung bahagi ng iyong trigo, ng iyong alak at ng iyong langis, at ang mga panganay sa iyong bakahan at sa iyong kawan;…”

Paliwanag

  • Ang ikapu ay:
    • trigo
    • alak
    • langis
  • Kahit ito ay gawing pera:

kailangan itong bumalik sa anyong pagkain

E. BAKIT “PANSAMANTALANG MEDIUM” LAMANG ANG PERA

Ngayon malinaw na natin masasabi:

“Ang pera ay pansamantalang paraan lamang, hindi ang mismong ikapu.”

Batayan sa Kasulatan

  • Deut. 14:24 → ginawang pera
  • Deut. 14:26 → ginamit para bumili ng pagkain
  • Deut. 14:23 → kinain sa harap ng Dios

Lohikal na Konklusyon (CENI)

Kung:

  • ang ikapu ay dapat kainin
  • at ang pera ay ginagamit lang para bumili ng pagkain

Hindi maaaring ang pera ang ikapu

Ito ay instrumento lamang

F. BAKIT “HINDI MAHALAGA ANG PERA SA SISTEMA NG IKAPU”

Mas palalimin pa natin.

1. SA SIMULA, WALANG PERA

Levitico 27:30

“…lahat na ikasangpung bahagi ng lupain,… binhi… bunga…”

Levitico 27:32 (ADB 1905)

“…lahat ng ikasangpung bahagi sa bakahan o sa kawan,…”

Walang binanggit na pera.

2. PERA AY GINAMIT LANG SA ESPESYAL NA SITWASYON

Deuteronomio 14:24

Kung “totoong malayo sa iyo ang dako,…”

Ibig sabihin:

  • hindi ito normal
  • hindi ito requirement

3. HINDI PINAPANATILI ANG PERA

Deuteronomio 14:26

“…iyong gugulin ang salapi sa anomang nasain mo…”

Ang pera ay:

  • ginagastos
  • hindi iniipon bilang ikapu

DOCTRINAL POINT

Ang pera ay hindi bahagi ng disenyo ng ikapu—lumilitaw lang ito dahil sa sitwasyon.

G. HALIMBAWA (PARA MAS MAINTINDIHAN)

Halimbawa

Isang magsasaka sa Israel:

  • may 10 sako ng trigo
  • ang ikapu = 1 sako

Pero malayo ang Jerusalem.

Kaya:

  1. Ibinenta ang 1 sako → naging pera
  2. Naglakbay
  3. Bumili ulit ng pagkain
  4. Kinain sa harap ng Dios

Mahahalagang Insight

  • Ang ikapu ay:

trigo pa rin (o katumbas nito)

  • Ang pera:

pansamantalang ginamit lang

H. BAKIT MALI ANG “MONETARY TITHING” NGAYON

Ngayon malinaw na:

Sinasabi ngayon:

“Magbigay ka ng 10% ng sahod mo.”

Pero ayon sa Biblia:

  • Hindi kailanman iniutos na pera ang ikapu
  • Hindi kailanman itinuring na pera ang ikapu
  • Hindi kailanman pinanatiling pera ang ikapu

Karagdagang Patunay

Nehemias 10:37

At upang aming dalhin ang mga unang bunga ng aming harina,… at ang bunga ng lahat na punong kahoy, ang alak, at ang langis,

sapagka't sila, na mga Levita, ay nagsisikuha ng mga ikasangpung bahagi sa lahat na aming mga bayan na bukiran.”

Muli:

  • ani
  • hindi pera
  • para sa mga Levita

I. SAMAKATUWID, PARA SA DOCTRINAL KONKLUSYON NITO

  • Walang utos sa Biblia na mag-ikapu ng pera
  • Sa Deuteronomio 14:
    • ang pera ay ginamit lang dahil sa layo
    • agad itong gagawing pagkain muli pagdating
  • Kaya:
    • ang pera ay pansamantala lamang
  • Ang tunay na ikapu ay:
    • ani
    • pagkain
    • mula sa lupa
    • para sa mga Levita

 

VI. PAUNANG KONKLUSYON

Sa puntong ito, malinaw na ang ikapu ay para sa Israel, bahagi ng Kautusan, konektado sa lupa, ani, at hayop, at hindi pera. Hindi ito universal na utos para sa lahat ng panahon.

Buod —

  • Ikapu = eksaktong ika-sampung bahagi.
  • Laging agrikultural at hindi pera.
  • Ibinigay sa Israel lamang.
  • Bahagi ng Kautusan ni Moises.
  • May maraming uri ng ikapu.
  • Walang utos ng monetary tithing.

 

VII. ANG IKAPU NI ABRAHAM (GENESIS 14): BATAS BA ITO PARA SA LAHAT?

Ito ang madalas na argumento: “Nag-ikapu si Abraham bago pa ang Kautusan, kaya dapat mag-ikapu rin tayo ngayon.” Mukhang tama sa unang tingin, pero kailangan itong suriing mabuti ayon sa Biblia mismo.

Genesis 14:20 — “…At binigyan siya ni Abram ng ikasangpung bahagi ng buong samsam.”

Kung babasahin ang konteksto, makikita na si Abraham ay nakipaglaban sa mga hari, nagligtas ng mga bihag, at kumuha ng samsam. Ibig sabihin, ang ikapu ay hindi galing sa kita at hindi galing sa ani, kundi sa samsam sa digmaan.

Hebreo 7:4 — “…na binigyan ni Abraham, na patriarka, ng ikasangpung bahagi ng mga pinakamagagaling na samsam.”

Ito ang malinaw: sa samsam galing ang ikinapu, hindi regular na kita. Wala ring utos ang Dios kay Abraham na mag-ikapu, walang utos na ulitin ito, at walang talata na ginawang batas ito para sa lahat.

Konklusyon tungkol kay Abraham

  • Isang beses lang ito nangyari.
  • Kusang ginawa ito ni Abraham.
  • Hindi ito utos, batas, o pattern na dapat sundin ng lahat.

 

VIII. HEBREWS 7: PINAPATULOY BA ANG IKAPU?

Marami ang gumagamit ng Hebrews 7 para sabihing dapat pa rin mag-ikapu, pero ang tunay na paksa ng kabanatang ito ay hindi tungkol sa kung paano magbigay ang Cristiano. Ito ay tungkol sa pagpapakita na mas mataas ang pagkasaserdote ni Cristo kaysa sa Levita.

Hebreo 7:12 — “Sapagka't nang palitan ang pagkasaserdote ay kinailangang palitan naman ang kautusan.”

Napakalalim na katotohanan nito. Nagbago ang pagkasaserdote, kaya nagbago rin ang kautusan. Kung ang ikapu ay bahagi ng sistemang Levita, at ang sistemang iyon ay nabago rin, samakatuwid, hindi na rin umiiral ang dating sistemang ito ng ikapu.

Hebreo 7:8 — At dito'y ang mga taong may kamatayan ay tumatanggap ng ikasangpung bahagi;…”

Ang talatang ito ay bahagi ng kanilang argumento, subalit hindi utos sa iglesia. Walang sinabi sa Hebrews 7 na “mag-ikapu kayo.”

Buod ng Hebrews 7

  • Ipinapakita nito ang pagbabago ng sistema.
  • Hindi nito ipinagpapatuloy ang ikapu.
  • Sa halip, ipinapahiwatig nito ang pagtatapos nito.

 

IX. ANG MALING PAGGAMIT NG MALAKIAS 3:8–10

Malakias 3:8 — “Nanakawan baga ng tao ang Dios? gayon ma'y ninanakaw ninyo ako.…”

Ito ang pinaka-ginagamit ngayon para hikayatin ang mga tao na mag-ikapu. Pero ang Malakias ay nagsasalita sa Israel na nasa ilalim ng Kautusan ni Moises. Ang “kamalig” sa Malakias 3:10 ay bahagi ng templo at imbakan ng pagkain. Hindi ito bangko o treasury ng iglesia.

Malakias 3:10 — “Dalhin ninyo ang buong ikasangpung bahagi sa kamalig,”

Sinasabi ngayon ng iba: “Kung hindi ka nag-iikapu, ninanakawan mo ang Dios.” Pero hindi tayo Israel at wala tayo sa ilalim ng Kautusan. Ang paggamit nito laban sa mga Cristiano ay maling aplikasyon.

Konklusyon sa Malakias

  • Hindi ito para sa iglesia.
  • Hindi ito utos sa Cristiano.
  • Ang “ninanakawan ang Dios” at “kamalig” ay maling pagkakagamit kapag iniaangkop ang ikapu sa panahon ngayon.

 

X. ANG PAGTATAPOS NG LUMANG TIPAN (HEBREO 8)

Hebreo 8:6 — “…siya nama'y tagapamagitan sa isang tipang lalong magaling,…”

Hebreo 8:13 — “…ay linuma niya ang una.…”

Ibig sabihin, ang unang tipan ay luma na, lipas na, at pinalitan na. Kung ang ikapu ay bahagi ng Lumang Tipan, at ang Lumang Tipan ay wala na, hindi na rin obligasyon ang ikapu.

Colosas 2:14 — “Na pinawi ang usapang nasusulat sa mga palatuntunan laban sa atin,…”

Mahahalagang Punto

  • Hindi puwede na matapos tanggalin ang lumang tipan tapos kinukuha at ginagawa pa rin ang mga utos nito at sasabihing umiiral na obligasyon pa rin sa ngayon.
  • Dapat buo ang pag-unawa sa paglipat mula lumang tipan tungo sa bagong tipan.

 

XI. PANGALAWANG KONKLUSYON

Sa puntong ito, malinaw na malinaw: ang ikapu ni Abraham ay hindi utos, ang Hebrews 7 ay nagpapakita ng pagbabago ng kautusan, ang Malakias 3 ay hindi para sa Cristiano, at ang Lumang Tipan ay tapos na. Kaya walang utos ng ikapu sa New Testament.

 

XII. PAGBIBIGAY SA BAGONG TIPAN: ANO ANG TUNAY NA UTOS NG DIOS?

Ngayong malinaw na hindi na utos ang ikapu sa Bagong Tipan, ang tanong ay ito: ano ngayon ang paraan ng pagbibigay ng mga Cristiano? Hindi tayo dapat mag-assume. Dapat makita natin ito mismo sa Biblia.

Gawa 4:32–35 — “…at sinoma'y walang nagsabing kaniyang sarili ang anoman sa mga bagay na kaniyang inaari:… at ipinamamahagi sa bawa't isa, ayon sa kinakailangan ng sinoman.”

Tingnan ninyo ang padron (pattern): ang pagbibigay ay kusang-loob, ayon sa pangangailangan, at walang pilitan. Hindi natin makikita dito ang “magbigay kayo ng 10%,” o “may required na amount.”

2 Corinto 9:6–7 — “Magbigay ang bawa't isa ayon sa ipinasiya ng kaniyang puso: huwag mabigat sa loob, o dahil sa kailangan:…”

Ang “ipinasiya ng kaniyang puso” ay personal na desisyon, at ang “huwag… dahil sa kailangan” ay nangangahulugang walang pilitan at walang obligasyong ipinapataw. Kaya nga ang pagbibigay o ambagan sa Cristiano ay kusang-loob, galing sa puso, at walang takdang porsyento.

Mahahalagang Punto

  • Walang utos sa Bagong Tipan na mag-ikapu.
  • Walang fixed percentage o tukoy na porsyento.
  • Ang pagbibigay ay personal, malaya, at masaya.

 

XIII. MALINAW NA PAGKAKAIBA: IKAPU VS. PAGBIBIGAY SA BAGONG TIPAN

Kategorya

Ikapu (Lumang Tipan)

Ambagan (Bagong Tipan)

Basehan

Nasa ilalim ng Kautusan

Nasa ilalim ng Biyaya

Pagpapasya

Sapilitan

Kusang-loob

Magkano/Halaga

Tukoy na porsyento (10%+)

Walang tinukoy na porsyento

Layunin

Para sa Levita

Para sa pangangailangan

Panggagalingan

Agrikultural mula sa lupain ng Israel lamang

Ayon sa kaniyang iginiginhawa

Magkaibang sistema ang ikapu at ang pagbibigay ng Cristiano. Hindi puwedeng paghaluin ang dalawa.

 

XIV. PAGWAWASTO SA MGA KARANIWANG TURO NGAYON

Claim 1: “Walang Hanggan ang Ikapu”

Ang ikapu ay bahagi ng Kautusan at sistemang Levita. Ayon sa Hebreo 7:12, may pagbabago ng kautusan. Kaya hindi ito eternal na obligasyon.

Claim 2: “Nagsimula kay Abraham, kaya tuloy-tuloy”

Isang beses lang itong ginawa, hindi utos, at galing sa samsam. Hindi ito padron na inuulit.

Claim 3: “Applicable pa rin ang Malakias”

Para sa Israel iyon, hindi para sa iglesia. Nasa ilalim tayo ng biyaya, hindi ng Kautusan.

Claim 4: “Ninanakawan mo ang Dios kung hindi ka nag-iikapu”

Walang ganitong utos sa Bagong Tipan at hindi ito sinabi sa mga Cristiano. Maling paggamit ito ng Biblia para manakot.

Claim 5: “Kailangan ang ikapu para sa iglesia”

Ang unang iglesia ay walang ikapu pero nagtagumpay. Ang gawain ng Dios ay hindi naka-base sa porsyento kundi sa pusong handang magbigay.

 

XV. PAGLALANTAD: ANG MODERNONG IKAPU AY DOKTRINAL NA MALI

Kapag pinipilit ang ikapu ngayon, ibinabalik ang Lumang Kautusan, pinapalitan ang biyaya ng hidwang pag-unawa, mali ang paggamit ng Biblia, at binabago ang tunay na diwa ng pagbibigay mula sa masayang puso tungo sa mabigat na obligasyon.

Mahahalagang Punto

  • Walang awtoridad sa Bagong Tipan para ipataw ang ikapu.
  • Nakabase ito sa maling interpretasyon ng mga talata.
  • Kaya ito ay maling doktrina.

 

XVI. PANGWAKAS NA KONKLUSYON

  • Ang ikapu ay ani ng lupa, para sa Israel, at bahagi ng Kautusan.
  • Nagtapos ito nang magbago ang pagkasaserdote at mapalitan ang tipan.
  • Ang practice ngayon ay kusang pagbibigay, walang porsyento, at galing sa puso.

Ang ikapu ay hindi utos para sa iglesia sa Bagong Tipan.

Ito ay para sa Israel, bahagi ng lumang sistema, at natapos na kay Cristo. Ang pagpipilit nito ngayon ay pagbabalik sa isang lipas nang kautusan.

Final Summary

  • Ikapu: sa Lumang Tipan lang at hindi pera.
  • Walang utos nito sa Bagong Tipan.
  • Si Abraham ay hindi binding pattern.
  • Ang Malakias ay hindi utos para sa Cristiano.
  • Ipinapakita ng Hebrews ang pagtatapos ng sistemang iyon.
  • Ang pagbibigay sa Bagong Tipan ay kusang-loob, masaya, at personal.

 

XVII. SPIRITUAL APPLICATION

Mga kapatid, hindi sinasabi na huwag tayong magbigay. Kailangan nating magbigay. Pero ang tanong ay paano. Ang tunay na pagbibigay ay ayon sa puso, ayon sa kakayahan, at may kagalakan—hindi dahil sa takot, pilitan, o sistema ng tao.

Hindi porsyento ang hinahanap ng Dios—ang puso ang hinahanap Niya.


Maaaring ibahagi, i-print, ipangaral, o i-repost ang mga artikulo dito kung hindi ito babaguhin, panananatilihin ang tema ng layunin, hindi ipagbibili o gagamitin para kumita, at may malinaw na link pabalik sa blog na ito.

#BiblicalTithing #Tithes #BibleStudy #ChristianGiving #OldCovenant #NewCovenant #Hebrews7 #Malachi3 #Doctrine #KJV #Truth #Ikapu #Biblia #Katotohanan #Pagbibigay #AralNgDios


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