Why Was Jesus Baptized?
A Comprehensive Doctrinal Study
"Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness." — Matthew 3:15
Introduction
The
baptism of Jesus is not a ceremonial footnote in the Gospels. It is a
theologically rich, prophetically precise, and doctrinally essential act that
reveals the very nature of Christ, His relationship with the Father, and His
obedience to divine will. Since Jesus had no sin (Hebrews 4:15), why was He
baptized? Was it merely to set an example? The answer is deeper, and essential
to our understanding of salvation, obedience, and righteousness.
I.
Jesus Was Baptized to Fulfill All Righteousness (Matthew 3:13–15)
Jesus’
words to John the Baptist — “Suffer it to be so now: for thus it becometh us to
fulfil all righteousness” — anchor the doctrinal significance of His baptism. The
Greek plēroō (G4137), "to fulfill," means to complete or carry
out fully. Righteousness, by biblical definition, is obedience to the revealed
will of God (Psalm 119:172).
To
fulfill all righteousness, Jesus had to obey what God had commanded. John’s baptism
was not a human tradition but a command from heaven (Matthew 21:25). John was sent
to baptize (John 1:33), which made it part of God's declared will. If Jesus
had refused, He would have rejected the will of God, thereby committing
unrighteousness — His first sin. But Jesus came to do the Father’s will (John
6:38), and His baptism was part of that will.
Luke 7:30 clearly shows that those who were not baptized by John rejected the will of God. Thus, Jesus’ baptism was not optional — it was divinely necessary.
II.
Jesus’ Baptism Was an Act of Obedience to God’s Command
While
baptism is associated with repentance for sinners (Mark 1:4; Acts 2:38), Jesus
had no sin to repent of (2 Corinthians 5:21; Hebrews 7:26). However, obedience
is not only for the guilty — it is for the righteous. Jesus submitted to every
command from God. The authority for John's baptism came directly from heaven
(John 1:33; Matthew 21:25), and Jesus recognized and honored that authority.
Now, Luke said:
"But the Pharisees and lawyers rejected the counsel of God against themselves, being not baptized of him." - Luke 7:30
The word counsel (Greek: βουλή, boulē) is a noun, feminine, singular, accusative, meaning God’s deliberate, sovereign plan/purpose. Here, it refers specifically to God’s ordained way of preparing people for Christ through John’s baptism. The Pharisees annulled this plan for themselves by refusing to be baptized, thus rejecting God’s will.
In
this sense, the baptism was judicial. Luke 7:29–30
teaches that those who accepted John's baptism were aligning themselves with
God's justice. Jesus, being perfectly righteous, showed His complete submission
to divine justice through baptism.
If
He had declined, it would have been sin (James 4:17).
III.
Jesus Identified With Sinners in His Baptism
Though
He was sinless, Jesus was baptized among sinners. Isaiah 53:12 says, “He
was numbered with the transgressors.”
Jesus’
baptism was the first step in His public ministry. 2 Corinthians 5:21:
“For he hath made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin.”
He
began His earthly ministry by standing where sinners stood — not because He
needed cleansing, but because we did. This anticipates His sacrificial work on
the cross (1 Peter 2:24).
IV.
Jesus Was Anointed with the Holy Spirit at Baptism
Matthew
3:16–17 reveals that when Jesus was baptized, the Holy Spirit descended
upon Him. This fulfilled Isaiah 11:2 and Isaiah 61:1 — prophecies
declaring that the Spirit would rest upon the Messiah.
John
1:32–33 affirms that the Spirit remained on Him. Acts 10:38
says, “God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Ghost and with power.”
Thus,
His baptism served as the moment of public anointing — not because He lacked
divinity, but because this marked the official inauguration of His
messianic ministry.
Refusing
baptism would mean He’d bypass the anointing and public recognition that God ordained.
It would render Him disobedient and disqualified as Messiah.
V.
Jesus Was Publicly Declared the Son of God
Matthew
3:17: “This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased.” This echoes
Psalm 2:7 and identifies Jesus not just as a prophet or man, but as the Son
of God.
Those
who claim that Jesus was merely a man must account for the Father's audible
voice, the descent of the Spirit, and the public declaration of divine Sonship.
John
1:34: “And I saw, and bare record that this is the Son of God.”
Jesus
is not just a man — He is the Divine Son, anointed and approved by God
before witnesses. His baptism affirms His divine identity.
VI.
Jesus' Baptism Inaugurated His Priestly Ministry at Age 30
According
to Numbers 4:3, priests began ministry at age 30. Luke 3:23
confirms Jesus was “about thirty years of age” when baptized. As our High
Priest (Hebrews 4:14–15), Jesus followed the pattern of priestly consecration.
His baptism was a ritual cleansing and initiation, confirming His role as
Intercessor and Mediator.
VII.
Jesus' Baptism Prefigured His Death, Burial, and Resurrection
Romans
6:3–4 and Colossians 2:12 reveal that baptism pictures death,
burial, and resurrection.
Jesus
spoke of His death as a baptism in Luke 12:50: “I have a baptism to be
baptized with…”
Thus,
His baptism was a prophetic act — a shadow of the cross to come. He descended
into the water (symbolizing death), was submerged (burial), and rose
(resurrection). By submitting to baptism, Jesus previewed the Gospel He would
later accomplish.
VIII.
Jesus’ Baptism Sets the Pattern for Ours
If
Jesus, the sinless One, submitted to baptism to fulfill righteousness and obey
the will of God, how much more should we?
Acts
2:38 – “Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus
Christ for the remission of sins…”
Acts 22:16 – “Arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins…”
Romans
6:3–4 – “Buried with him by baptism into death…”
Galatians
3:27 – “For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put
on Christ.”
Baptism
is where we obey from the heart (Romans 6:17), where we receive the Holy Spirit
(Acts 2:38), and where we are sealed unto redemption (Ephesians 1:13–14; 4:30).
Without it, there is no promise of the Spirit, no entrance into the body (1
Corinthians 12:13), and no assurance of being in Christ.
Conclusion
Jesus
was baptized not to cleanse Himself, but to fulfill the will of God. His act
was one of righteousness, obedience, identification with sinners, reception of
the Holy Spirit, and fulfillment of prophecy. His baptism was the beginning of
His priestly work, and a preview of His death, burial, and resurrection. Those
who seek to follow Christ must walk as He walked (1 Peter 2:21; Matthew 16:24).
Like
the Ethiopian eunuch, we should say, “See, here is water. What doth hinder me
to be baptized?” (Acts 8:36). Or like Ananias to Saul, “And now why tarriest
thou? arise, and be baptized…” (Acts 22:16).
Endnotes
- For
priestly service age: Numbers 4:3; Jewish Encyclopedia,
"Levites"
- For
Greek parsing of "fulfill": Strong’s G4137
- For
baptism typology: G.R. Beasley-Murray, Baptism in the New Testament
(reference with caution, not authoritative)
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Bakit Binautismuhan si Jesus?
Isang Komprehensibong Doktrinal na Pag-aaral
“Payagan mo ngayon: sapagka't ganyan ang nararapat sa atin, ang pagganap ng buong katuwiran.” — Mateo 3:15
Panimula
Ang
bautismo ni Jesus ay hindi isang simpleng seremonya lamang sa Ebanghelyo. Ito
ay isang malalim na usaping teolohikal, propesiyang tumpak na naganap, at
doktrinal na mahalagang pangyayari na nagpapakita ng tunay na kalikasan ni
Cristo, ng Kaniyang relasyon sa Ama, at ng Kaniyang ganap na pagtalima sa
kalooban ng Diyos. Yamang si Jesus ay walang kasalanan (Hebreo 4:15), bakit
Siya binautismuhan? Halimbawa lang ba ito para sa mga makasalanan? Ang sagot ay
mas malalim, at mahalaga sa ating pagkaunawa sa kaligtasan, pagsunod, at
katuwiran.
I. Si Jesus
ay Binautismuhan Upang Ganapin ang Buong Katuwiran (Mateo 3:13–15)
Ang sinabi
ni Jesus kay Juan Bautista — “Payagan mo ngayon: sapagka't ganyan ang nararapat
sa atin, ang pagganap ng buong
katuwiran.” — ay siyang pundasyon ng mahalagang doktrina ng Kaniyang bautismo.
Ang salitang pagganap ay salin mula sa salitang Griyego na plēroō na
nangangahulugang ganap na pagsasakatuparan o pagkompleto.
Ayon sa
Awit 119:172 (cf. Deutoronomio 6:25), ang katuwiran ay pagsunod sa mga utos ng
Diyos. Yamang ang bautismo ni Juan ay hindi galing sa tao kundi mula sa langit
(Mateo 21:25), at si Juan ay isinugo (ng Dios) upang magbautismo (Juan 1:33), ang
pagtanggi sa bautismong ito ay pagtanggi sa kalooban ng Diyos — kung gayon, magiging isang
kasalanan ito kay Cristo kung hindi Siya susunod sa kalooban ng Diyos.
Lucas 7:30: “Datapuwa't pinawalang halaga ng mga Fariseo at ng mga tagapagtanggol ng kautusan sa kanilang sarili ang payo ng Dios, at hindi napabautismo sa kaniya” Kaya’t ang bautismo ni Jesus ay hindi opsyonal — ito ay pagsunod sa kalooban ng Diyos.
II. Ang
Bautismo ni Jesus ay Pagsunod sa Kautusan ng Diyos
Ang
bautismo ay iniugnay sa pagsisisi para sa mga makasalanan (Marcos 1:4; Gawa
2:38), ngunit si Jesus ay walang kasalanan (2 Corinto 5:21; Hebreo 7:26).
Gayunman, ang pagsunod ay hindi lamang para sa makasalanan kundi para sa
sinumang matuwid. Ang kapangyarihang taglay ni Juan ay mula sa langit (Juan
1:33; Mateo 21:25), kaya’t kinilala ito ni Jesus.
Ngayon naman, ayon kay Lucas:
"Datapuwa't pinawalang halaga ng mga Fariseo at ng mga tagapagtanggol ng kautusan sa kanilang sarili ang payo ng Dios, at hindi napabautismo sa kaniya."
Ang salitang payo (Griyego: βουλή, boulē) ay isang pangngalan, pambabae, pantangi, accusative, na ang kahulugan ay sinasadyang, kataas-taasang plano o layunin ng Diyos. Sa talatang ito, tumutukoy ito partikular sa itinakdang paraan ng Diyos upang ihanda ang mga tao para kay Cristo sa pamamagitan ng bautismo ni Juan. Pinawalang-bisa ng mga Fariseo ang planong ito para sa kanilang sarili sa pagtangging magpabautismo, kaya’t tinanggihan nila ang kalooban ng Diyos.
Sa ganitong diwa, ang bautismo ni Jesus ay makatarungang pagtalima rin sa kautusan. Lucas 7:29-30 ay nagpapatunay na ang pagtanggap sa bautismo ni Juan ay pagtanggap sa layunin ng Diyos. Kung si Jesus ay tumanggi, ito ay magiging kasalanan sa Kanya (Santiago 4:17).
III.
Nakipag-isa si Jesus sa mga Makasalanan
Bagaman
walang sala, si Jesus ay binautismuhan sa piling ng mga makasalanan. Isaias
53:12: “At siya’y ibinilang sa mga mananalangsang.”
Ang
bautismo ni Jesus ay simula ng Kaniyang pampublikong ministeryo. 2 Corinto
5:21: “…ay kaniyang inaring may sala dahil sa atin: upang tayo'y maging sa
kaniya'y katuwiran ng Dios.”
Ito ay
isang larawan ng Kaniyang pagtayo sa lugar ng mga makasalanan — hindi dahil sa kailangan
Niya ng paglilinis, kundi tayo ang may kailangang ng paglilinis.
IV. Si
Jesus ay Pinahiran ng Espiritu Santo sa Kaniyang Bautismo
Mateo
3:16–17: Nang mabautismuhan si Jesus, bumaba ang Espiritu Santo sa Kanya sa anyong
kalapati. Ito ay katuparan ng Isaias 11:2 at Isaias 61:1, na
nagsasaad na ang Espiritu ay mananahan sa Mesiyas.
Juan
1:32–33: “Ang Espiritu ay nanatili sa kaniya.”
Gawa 10:38: “Si Jesus... pinahiran
ng Dios ng Espiritu Santo at ng kapangyarihan:”
Ang
bautismo ang nagsilbing pampublikong pagpapahid ng Diyos sa Kaniyang Anak —
tanda ng pagsisimula ng Kaniyang Mesianikong gawain. Kung hindi Siya binautismuhan,
walang pampublikong pagpapahayag sa Kanya bilang Pinahiran ng Diyos.
V. Si Jesus
ay Hayagang Idineklara Bilang Anak ng Diyos
Mateo 3:17: “Ito ang
sinisinta kong Anak, na siya kong lubos na kinalulugdan.”
Ito’y
kaagapay ng Awit 2:7: “Aking sasaysayin ang pasiya: sinabi ng Panginoon
sa akin, Ikaw ay aking Anak...”
Juan 1:34: “At aking nakita,
at pinatotohanan kong ito ang Anak ng Dios.”
Si Jesus ay
hindi isang ordinaryong tao lamang — Siya ang Anak ng Diyos, hayagang
pinatotohanan ng Ama at ng Espiritu. Ang bautismo Niya ay nagpapatunay ng
Kaniyang pagka-Diyos.
VI.
Pinasimulan ng Bautismo ni Jesus ang Kaniyang Pagkapari
Ayon sa Bilang
4:3, ang mga saserdote ay nagsisimula sa edad 30. Lucas 3:23: “At si
Jesus din mismo, nang siya'y magpasimulang mangaral, ay may gulang na may
tatlongpung taon.”
Bilang
ating Dakilang Saserdote (Hebreo 4:14), ang bautismo ni Jesus ay isang
seremonyal na paglilinis at pagtatalaga sa Kaniyang ministeryo.
VII. Ang
Bautismo ni Jesus ay Larawan ng Kaniyang Kamatayan, Libing, at Muling
Pagkabuhay
Roma 6:3–4 at Colosas 2:12
ay nagpapakita na ang bautismo ay larawan ng pagkamatay, paglilibing, at muling
pagkabuhay.
Lucas 12:50: “May isang
bautismo akong mararanasan...”
Ang
bautismo ni Jesus ay isang hula — larawan ng krus. Siya ay lumusong
(kamatayan), inilubog (pagkalibing), at umahon (pagkabuhay).
VIII. Ang
Bautismo ni Jesus ay Halimbawa Para sa Ating Lahat
Kung si
Jesus, na walang kasalanan, ay binautismuhan upang ganapin ang katuwiran at
sundin ang Diyos, gaano pa kaya tayo?
Gawa 2:38 – “Mangagsisi
kayo, at mangagbautismo…”
Gawa 22:16 – “Bumangon ka, at
pabautismo ka…”
Roma 6:3–4 – “Ipinailalim
tayo sa kamatayan sa pamamagitan ng bautismo…”
Galacia
3:27 – “Sapagka’t ang lahat na sa inyo ay binautismuhan kay Cristo ay
ibinihis si Cristo.”
Sa
bautismo, tayo ay sumusunod mula sa puso (Roma 6:17), at tatanggapin ninyo ang kaloob ng Espiritu Santo (Gawa 2:38), at
tinatakan para sa araw ng pagtubos (Efeso 1:13–14; 4:30). Kung wala ito, wala
tayong bahagi kay Cristo (1 Corinto 12:13).
Konklusyon
Ang
bautismo ni Jesus ay hindi para sa Kaniyang paglilinis, kundi upang sundin ang
kalooban ng Diyos. Ito ay gawa ng katuwiran, pagsunod, pakikiisa sa mga
makasalanan, pagtanggap ng Espiritu, at katuparan ng mga hula. Ito rin ay
pasimula ng Kaniyang pagkasaserdote, aninong larawan ng ebanghelyo.
Kung tunay
nating sinasabing “Si Jesus ang Panginoon” (Roma 10:9), susunod tayo sa
Kaniyang halimbawa (1 Pedro 2:21; Mateo 16:24).
Gaya ng
Etiyopeng bating sa Gawa 8:36: “Narito, may tubig; ano ang nakapipigil na ako'y
mabautismuhan?”
At gaya ng sabi ni Ananias kay Saulo: “At ngayon bakit ka tumitigil? magtindig
ka, at ikaw ay magbautismo,...” (Gawa 22:16).
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